What a search engine is

What Is a Search Engine? Definition, Types and How They Work

A search engine is an automated information retrieval system that discovers, catalogs, and ranks web documents to satisfy user queries. It maintains a massive, independent index of billions of pages using automated crawlers, inverted indices, and ranking algorithms, operating separately from the web browsers and databases that connect to it.

Articles in this guide

  • What is a search engine (definition, examples, how it differs from a website)

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  • How search engines work: crawling, indexing, ranking and serving

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  • Parts of a search engine: crawler, parser, indexer, ranker, interface

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  • Search engine architecture explained with a diagram

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  • Types of search engines: crawler-based, directory, hybrid, metasearch, vertical

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  • Search engine vs web browser

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  • Search engine vs website vs web page

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  • Search engine vs database: what is actually different

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  • Search engine vs web directory

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  • What is a metasearch engine

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  • What is a vertical search engine

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  • Federated search explained

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  • Enterprise search vs web search

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  • History of search engines: Archie to AI Overviews

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  • Who invented the search engine

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  • Search engine timeline 1990 to 2026

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  • How search engines make money

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  • Search engine market share 2026

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  • Surface web vs deep web vs dark web search

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  • Information retrieval basics for beginners

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  • What is a search index

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  • Why search engines matter for businesses and researchers

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